"The Effects of Recent Employment Changes and Premium Increases on Adults' Insurance Coverage," Medical Care Research and Review: The study, by Jack Hadley of the Urban Institute, uses national survey data from 1997, 1999 and 2002 to estimate the relationships among employment, the cost of health insurance and the distribution of coverage for nonelderly U.S. adults. The study finds that a 33% increase in premiums for private insurance was responsible for 3.1 percentage points of the 3.4 percentage-point decrease in private coverage between 2000 and 2003. The study also finds that employment loss has a small effect on overall coverage rates and that public health programs absorbed only one-quarter of those who lost private coverage between 2000 and 2003 (Hadley, Medical Care Research and Review, August 2006).